09-06-2013, 06:08 PM
Alkaline phosphatase: The main function is dephosphorylation. This enzyme is used to remove the phosphate group from the 5-prime end of DNA and RNA. The DNA becomes linear on dephosphorylation.
Poly nucleotide Kinase: Catalyzes phosphorylation thus adds phosphate group to double stranded or single stranded nucleic acids at its 5-prime OH end with the help of ATP.
DNA Ligase: Ligates the DNA strands with the help of phospho diester bond. Single strand breaks are also repaired by this enzyme.
Restriction Enzymes: This enzyme is restriction site specific and cleaves both the strands of a double stranded DNA. It helps in the formation of the 5-prime phosphate end and 3-prime hydroxyl end of a DNA. EcoR I, EcoR II, BamH I, Hind III are some of the examples of restriction enzymes.
DNA polymerase I: Involved in DNA replication. Used in the generation of complementary DNA in 5-prime to 3-prime direction from a DNA template.
Taq DNA polymerase: This enzyme obtained from Thermus aquaticus bacterium is used in DNA amplification (PCR).
RNA polymerase: The different RNA polymerases are T7, T3 and SP6 obtained from the respective bacteriophages and they recognize only phage specific promoters in the process of DNA transcription.
RNase A: RNA specific enzyme and cleaves only RNA
RNase H: Acts only upon RNA in a hetero duplex structure comprising RNA-DNA thus completes the process of DNA replication.
Exonuclease III: Cleaves the DNA (linear) from its end. It acts upon double stranded DNA by always removing nucleotides from the 3-prime OH end only.
Mung bean nuclease (Endonuclease): This enzyme is obtained from Mung bean and hence the name mung bean endonucleases and it is single stranded DNA or RNA specific and acts on the same.
Nuclease S1 (Endonuclease): This enzyme is again strand specific and only digests single stranded DNA or RNA. It is used in the generation of blunt end DNA molecules by removing its single strand while synthesizing double stranded c DNA.
Reverse Transcriptase: Its functions include synthesis of cDNA using RNA template and this property of reverse transcriptase is used to create cDNA libraries.
Terminal Transferase: The role of this enzyme is addition of nucleotides to the 3-prime end of either single or double stranded nucleic acids. This enzyme is used in PCR technique and in rapid amplification of cDNA ends.
Poly nucleotide Kinase: Catalyzes phosphorylation thus adds phosphate group to double stranded or single stranded nucleic acids at its 5-prime OH end with the help of ATP.
DNA Ligase: Ligates the DNA strands with the help of phospho diester bond. Single strand breaks are also repaired by this enzyme.
Restriction Enzymes: This enzyme is restriction site specific and cleaves both the strands of a double stranded DNA. It helps in the formation of the 5-prime phosphate end and 3-prime hydroxyl end of a DNA. EcoR I, EcoR II, BamH I, Hind III are some of the examples of restriction enzymes.
DNA polymerase I: Involved in DNA replication. Used in the generation of complementary DNA in 5-prime to 3-prime direction from a DNA template.
Taq DNA polymerase: This enzyme obtained from Thermus aquaticus bacterium is used in DNA amplification (PCR).
RNA polymerase: The different RNA polymerases are T7, T3 and SP6 obtained from the respective bacteriophages and they recognize only phage specific promoters in the process of DNA transcription.
RNase A: RNA specific enzyme and cleaves only RNA
RNase H: Acts only upon RNA in a hetero duplex structure comprising RNA-DNA thus completes the process of DNA replication.
Exonuclease III: Cleaves the DNA (linear) from its end. It acts upon double stranded DNA by always removing nucleotides from the 3-prime OH end only.
Mung bean nuclease (Endonuclease): This enzyme is obtained from Mung bean and hence the name mung bean endonucleases and it is single stranded DNA or RNA specific and acts on the same.
Nuclease S1 (Endonuclease): This enzyme is again strand specific and only digests single stranded DNA or RNA. It is used in the generation of blunt end DNA molecules by removing its single strand while synthesizing double stranded c DNA.
Reverse Transcriptase: Its functions include synthesis of cDNA using RNA template and this property of reverse transcriptase is used to create cDNA libraries.
Terminal Transferase: The role of this enzyme is addition of nucleotides to the 3-prime end of either single or double stranded nucleic acids. This enzyme is used in PCR technique and in rapid amplification of cDNA ends.
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