09-03-2013, 09:19 PM
Alteplase is one of the Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activators (r-tPA). It goes along with reteplase and tenecteplase. It is FDA approved and is known for the treatment of acute massive pulmonary embolism, acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and myocardial infarction with ST elevation.
Reteplase is said to have faster thrombolysis than alteplase which is why it is indicated for acute myocardial infarction. Also compared to alteplase, tenecteplase appears to have lesser bleeding complications, but have similar survival rates for persons taking it a year after.
TPA is a protein responsible for breaking down blood clots. It is found in the lining of blood vessels and can also be classified as an enzyme. This is so because it helps in converting plasminogen to plasmin, which is for the purpose of clot breakdown. In the field of medicine, it is used to treat thrombotic or embolic stroke, however contraindicated in head trauma and hemorrhagic stroke due to possible bleeding complications.
For cases like having thrombi in the proximal deep veins of the leg or for peripheral arterial thrombi, an arterial catheter can be used to administer the drug. In other cases, it is usually given systemically.
As a drug, it can be known as the brand Activase, which is a sterile, purified glycoprotein of 527 amino acids. According to RXlist, it is synthesized using the complementary DNA (cDNA) for natural human tissue-type plasminogen activator obtained from a human melanoma cell line. The manufacturing process involves the secretion of the enzyme alteplase into the culture medium by an established mammalian cell line (Chinese Hamster Ovary cells) into which the cDNA for alteplase has been genetically inserted.
It is a white to off-white lyophilized powder used to mix with sterile water. Alteplase is used to dissolve blood clots that have clumped in blood vessels. Also, it is administered immediately after heart attack symptoms occur in order to improve patient survival. Moreover, it is utilized as a treatment after stroke symptoms and for pulmonary embolism. In some cases it is used to dissolve blood clots in catheters that are placed in large blood vessels during central venous access.
Reteplase is said to have faster thrombolysis than alteplase which is why it is indicated for acute myocardial infarction. Also compared to alteplase, tenecteplase appears to have lesser bleeding complications, but have similar survival rates for persons taking it a year after.
TPA is a protein responsible for breaking down blood clots. It is found in the lining of blood vessels and can also be classified as an enzyme. This is so because it helps in converting plasminogen to plasmin, which is for the purpose of clot breakdown. In the field of medicine, it is used to treat thrombotic or embolic stroke, however contraindicated in head trauma and hemorrhagic stroke due to possible bleeding complications.
For cases like having thrombi in the proximal deep veins of the leg or for peripheral arterial thrombi, an arterial catheter can be used to administer the drug. In other cases, it is usually given systemically.
As a drug, it can be known as the brand Activase, which is a sterile, purified glycoprotein of 527 amino acids. According to RXlist, it is synthesized using the complementary DNA (cDNA) for natural human tissue-type plasminogen activator obtained from a human melanoma cell line. The manufacturing process involves the secretion of the enzyme alteplase into the culture medium by an established mammalian cell line (Chinese Hamster Ovary cells) into which the cDNA for alteplase has been genetically inserted.
It is a white to off-white lyophilized powder used to mix with sterile water. Alteplase is used to dissolve blood clots that have clumped in blood vessels. Also, it is administered immediately after heart attack symptoms occur in order to improve patient survival. Moreover, it is utilized as a treatment after stroke symptoms and for pulmonary embolism. In some cases it is used to dissolve blood clots in catheters that are placed in large blood vessels during central venous access.
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