The chemical structure of every DNA seems to be the same for every parson. DNA is furnished by four types of base named adenine guanine, thiamin and cytosine. The arrangement of these four bases is different to everybody. They remain in pair form. Adenine pairs with thiamine and guanine pairs with cytosine. There are millions of base pairing to every person but all are arranged in different sequence to one another. This difference is utilized in the processing of DNA fingerprinting. Every person has different DNA sequence identity. One can be recognized by their rare DNA identity. But this is a time killing work to do manually. So this mechanism is developed by some electronic devices to make it in an easier way. Scientists are successful to find out some DNA sequences which are same between an individual and their relatives. They have also found out some DNA sequences that vary from individual to individual. This identification system is called DNA fingerprinting.
An individual inherits some specific arrangement of base pairing from his or her mother and father. Those are called VNTR pattern. Fathers identification is now possible by VNTR pattern between parent and child. This is a reliable process of father identification that is recognized around the world. Fathers identification is needed to determine the biological parenthood, for adoption process, to determine real father of the child and confirming the nationality during making passport or any other work.
Skin, hair, blood etc are collected to identify the real criminal from the place where criminal act has occurred. The VNTR patterns collected from the sample is tried to match with people that are under suspicion for that crime. If it is matched then the criminal will be identified. It is widely used in the criminal investigation process
Nothing is 100% guaranteed like DNA fingerprinting in this modern world. The probability of matching VNTR pattern between two individual is very much rare as it may occur in one person within twenty billion of people. VNTRs are the result of genetic heritability. They are not almost same in a human community. They can be different on the basis of genetic background, but not the basis of individual’s community. VNTRs are different from one racial line to another racial line. Physiology and behavior of one racial line are frequently same than other racial lines. Physiology and behavior are controlled by the genetic activities. So VNTRs are almost same amongst the members of Hispanics but different from the members of Caucasians or African Americans.
Some technical problems are responsible for any probabilities in DNA fingerprinting such as error in probing and hybridization process. DNA fingerprinting loses its reliabilities by those technical problems. Nobody wants to punish the innocent and to reward the guilty people. So the steps of DNA fingerprinting must be done repeatedly to assure the correct result.
99.9% DNA sequences of the human are indifferent but only 0.1% DNA sequences are varied from each other. Forensic scientists find out those small amount of difference and relations of the DNA sequences to identify a human.
An individual inherits some specific arrangement of base pairing from his or her mother and father. Those are called VNTR pattern. Fathers identification is now possible by VNTR pattern between parent and child. This is a reliable process of father identification that is recognized around the world. Fathers identification is needed to determine the biological parenthood, for adoption process, to determine real father of the child and confirming the nationality during making passport or any other work.
Skin, hair, blood etc are collected to identify the real criminal from the place where criminal act has occurred. The VNTR patterns collected from the sample is tried to match with people that are under suspicion for that crime. If it is matched then the criminal will be identified. It is widely used in the criminal investigation process
Nothing is 100% guaranteed like DNA fingerprinting in this modern world. The probability of matching VNTR pattern between two individual is very much rare as it may occur in one person within twenty billion of people. VNTRs are the result of genetic heritability. They are not almost same in a human community. They can be different on the basis of genetic background, but not the basis of individual’s community. VNTRs are different from one racial line to another racial line. Physiology and behavior of one racial line are frequently same than other racial lines. Physiology and behavior are controlled by the genetic activities. So VNTRs are almost same amongst the members of Hispanics but different from the members of Caucasians or African Americans.
Some technical problems are responsible for any probabilities in DNA fingerprinting such as error in probing and hybridization process. DNA fingerprinting loses its reliabilities by those technical problems. Nobody wants to punish the innocent and to reward the guilty people. So the steps of DNA fingerprinting must be done repeatedly to assure the correct result.
99.9% DNA sequences of the human are indifferent but only 0.1% DNA sequences are varied from each other. Forensic scientists find out those small amount of difference and relations of the DNA sequences to identify a human.
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