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Can mobile push biometrics to the mainstream?
#1
According to The Global Government Biometric Systems Market 2015-2025 report of MarketResearchReports published last month, due to the increasing concerns over internal and external security and the increasing use in government and private sectors for employee identification and attendance, the global biometrics market is forecasted to rise in the demand and revenue in the next few years. In terms of geography, the biometrics market is expected to be continuously dominated by North America, followed by Asia Pacific and Europe. However, the growth rate of biometric market in the Asia-Pacific region is expected to overtake North America by 2015. 

There are many factors that boost the growth of Asia-Pacific biometric market.

Firstly, governments in the Asia-Pacific region have introduced several projects in terms of national identities and border administration. In 2012, China introduced the new China Resident Identity Card Law. Under this new rule, Chinese citizens are required to have their fingerprints scanned and recorded as part of any subsequent administrative transaction involving their resident ID cards. Hence, the expectation of high level of certification will be required for the biometric hardware being leveraged in these enrollment operations.  Moreover, initiatives such as e-KTP electronic ID initiative in Indonesia and the UIDAI project in India using face, fingerprints and iris biometrics for individual identification are also expected to provide new opportunities for the biometrics technology market in Asia-Pacific.

Secondly, the Asia-Pacific region is demonstrated to increase in security and IT spending. According to the Frost & Sullivan Aerospace & Defense and Asia-Pacific consultant, Amartya De, terrorist threats combined with increased air traffic are driving increased aviation security spending in this region. Amartya De also states that overall homeland security spending across Asia-Pacific is asserted to be US$30 billion in 2014. Specifically, airport security market is expected to grow to US$9.23 billion by the end of 2015. Airport security spending in Australia is reported to reach US$640.2 million by the end of 2015, and by which time spending in Singapore will reach US$298 million. This security spending segment is indicated to dominate the security expenditure in the Asia Pacific region, which forces the rapid growth of the biometric-based technologies in this area.

Ultimately, the growth of the Asia-Pacific electronic access control (EAC) systems market is also the key factor fueling the rise of biometric in Asia-Pacific. Due to the concerns over the enhancing security and reducing fraud and identity theft across government and commercial setting, the demand of electronic access control systems in Asia-Pacific continuously increases. Based on “Global Market Study on Electronic Access Control (EAC) Systems: Biometric Systems to Witness Highest Growth by 2019” report, The Asia-Pacific EAC systems market is predicted to record the highest CAGR growth of 16.7% to reach USD 9.6 billion in 2019. The rapid growth rate of EAC systems contributes to the prevailing future of Asia-Pacific biometric market versus North America.

According to the Strategic Defense Intelligence, it is estimated that the biometric market in the Asia-Pacific region to value US$1.1 billion in 2015 and reach US$3.3 billion by 2025, growing at a CAGR of 11.3% during this period. China and India are the biggest contributors to this growth, occupying more than half of the regional market share. Besides, Japan and South Korea are also the prime revenue generating countries in Asia-Pacific biometrics market. Other countries such as Australia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Thailand and Malaysia are expected to play vital role in the growth of overall Asia-Pacific biometric market in the forecast period. For example, Sri Lanka and Philippines have been initiating biometrics-based passports since 2014 and 2015, respectively, and encouraging the demand for biometrics devices for identity solutions in these countries.
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#2
Biometric technology is becoming increasingly more powerful and cost-effective, and it has been making inroads into education sector. Educational institutions recognize the threat of insecurity to their children and are starting to adopt biometric identification systems to protect the students under their care. A growing trend is that biometric access control devices are being used to grant access to classrooms, colleges, universities and other service areas like canteens, dormitories and recreational facilities.

Biometric technology can provide many benefits in terms of convenience, safety and security. One of the most popular applications of biometrics in school is “cashless catering system” for school meals. In particular, individual pupils can be identified at the till by an automated biometric recognition mechanism and pay for the meal with the cost of their lunch being automatically deducted from the credit paid in advance by the parents. Besides, another well-known application is using biometrics for tracking the attendance of students and teachers. In details, an automated biometric system for recording attendance will be installed at the school gate or in class to identify the students and teachers for every roll-call. Once biometrics is being used successfully in one part of a school, the technology is usually embraced in other areas as well .Schools can then use the same biometric database to identify students for other applications such as online learning, library, media service, school trip and tours . Schools even can use biometrics for student identification at athletic events and dances to keep out other students who don’t belong.

In reality, the first reported use of biometric systems in school was at Minnesota's Eagan High School in US in March 1997. Eagan High School, a testing ground for education technology since it opened, allowed willing students to use fingerprint readers to speed up the borrowing of library books. The use of biometric technology continued widening to the UK and first introduced in 2002. Fast-forward to 2014, reports indicated that 1.28 million British students attended biometric secondary schools & academies. Nowadays, the use of this technology in schools has become wider spread in other countries in Europe (Belgium, Sweden, France, Italy, etc.), Asia (China, Hong Kong, etc.), and Australia and recently in Middle East (United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, etc.) and Africa (South Africa, Kenya, etc.). In 2012, The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, which has poured more than $4 billion into efforts to transform public education in the US, is pushing to develop an "engagement pedometer” which is a biometric bracelet enabling teachers to see, in real time, which kids are tuned in and zoned out. The foundation has given $1.4 million in grants to several university researchers to begin testing the devices in middle-school classrooms. In 2013, Sunderland brought in fingerprint-scanning devices for lectures on its London campus, replacing traditional paper registers. Ruth Davison, student relations and compliance manager at Sunderland, said the system had been installed because the site was “entirely international” and the Home Office required that all attendance be monitored. In 2015, Saudi Arabia’s Ministry of Education is launching a tender process for a fingerprint attendance and leave system for 45 education departments. Besides, within the year, Henan University of Technology in Henan Province and Minjiang University in Fujian Province of China have deployed facial recognition systems to track student attendance.

Education market is having a growing demand in many biometric applications. With the use of biometrics, it can address many problems occurring from elementary to university such as class attendance, library books borrowing, cashless canteen systems, vending machines, school trips and tours, and bus journeys. Schools will be capable of monitoring teacher performance on class, in school and allow them to have limited authorization to access different resources and report accurately the teaching status. The increase in demand of biometrics for education forces many biometric companies to adopt and develop the technologies to meet the market demand and provide children the best secure and convenient education environment.
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#3
Mobile devices are rapidly becoming a key computing platform, transforming how people access business and personal information. Access to business data from mobile devices requires secure authentication, but traditional password schemes based on a mix of alphanumeric and symbols are cumbersome and unpopular, which makes users to avoid accessing business data on their personal devices altogether. Mobile biometric technology provides an important front-line security measure for both government agencies and commercial users. Mobile biometric identification devices designed for intuitive operations incorporate a reader, scanner and camera for the capture of biometric data which is then converted by software into digital formats for storage and comparison against other records held in biometric database.

The main reasons why the combination of mobile phone and biometrics is so important are about the convenience, security, and authentication. Apparently, the use of biometrics in authentication is embracing mobile and wearable technology. This will truly leverage the adoption of biometrically authentication into a wide range of services including e-payment and e-commerce. Deployment of biometric recognition technology in mobile and wearable devices will provide a significant enhancement in security as it has top-notch accuracy and high rate of enrollment. The mobile biometrics is segmented into three major sectors:

Biometric sensors embedded in smart mobile devices such as smart phones, tablets, and wearable devices.

Biometric apps offered by biometric vendors or mobile service providers such as banks, payment processors, retailers, or online identity providers.

Biometric authentication for payment and non-payment transactions provided via secure cloud-based services linked to biometric apps on smart devices.

According to some researches recently, customers are gaining more confidences on using mobile biometrics for their retail payment. In 2013, the Natural Security, a provider of powerful authentication technology, conducted a trial in France and the results indicated that 94% of users were comfortable to use their fingerprint authentication to pay for all in-store purchases. Besides, half of all shoppers interviewed in the 2013 WordPay survey said that they wanted to use biometrics for payments. Recently, Gartner made the prediction that 30% of all companies will use biometrics on mobile devices by 2016, as reported by ZDnet.

Furthermore, the 2014 report of Acuity Market Intelligence projects that by 2020, global mobile biometric market revenues will reach $34.6 billion annually. This includes 4.8 billion biometrically enabled smart mobile devices generating $6.2 billion in biometric sensor revenue, 5.4 billion biometric app downloads generating $21.7 billion in annual revenues from direct purchase and software development fees, and 807 billion biometrically secured payment and non-payment transactions generating $6.7 billion in authentication fees. Acuity Market Intelligence also forecasts that rising demand for smartphones, tablets and wearable mobile devices that incorporate biometrics will drive a global market of 2.5 billion users with nearly 4.8 billion biometric devices by 2020. According to Acuity, within three years, biometrics will become a standard feature on smartphones as well as other mobile devices and “mobility is the driving force that will unleash the long awaited biometric revolution!”

The rich set of input sensors on mobile devices, including cameras, microphones, touch screens, and GPS, enables sophisticated multi-media interactions. Biometric authentication methods using these sensors could offer a natural alternative to password schemes since the sensors are familiar and already used for a variety of mobile tasks. Biometrics becomes more relevant due to the rapid growth in mobile, cloud, social media and the desire for instant information and real time access to services; some of which will soon require stronger means of authentication. Personal identification for mobile devices will become a focus for biometric technology. The biometric companies are continuing to develop mobile biometric devices for personal identification and privacy protection. It is expected the industry and the market will keep growing in that direction for the next coming years.
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#4
Automatic teller machines (ATMs) are terminals which are installed by banks to facilitate cash withdrawal, fund transfer, balance check for customers. ATM allows the account holder to have transactions with their own accounts without the opportunity to access the entire bank’s database. The original ATM systems utilize PIN and cards to authenticate users when making the transactions. In fact, with the mushrooming of Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) in every road, economic frauds through them are getting more complicated day by day. This also increased the high risk level of ATM fraud in banking operations. According to the Huffington Post news in 2013, ATM fraud allowed thieves to steal $45 million in hours. Besides, the banking industry lost $943 million to debit card fraud in 2012, according to the ABA’s 2013 Deposit Account Fraud Survey.

The security for financial services like ATM banking becomes a great issue. Passing of information faces massive problems due to various types of attacks to the communication link. Many security algorithms are available to protect information from being hacked, among those technologies is the biometric authentication process which adds a new dimension of security for any person sensitive to authentication. In recent years, the importance of biometrics has grown tremendously with an increasing demand of security in accordance with unique identification of individuals. With the development of biometric solutions for ATMs, there is no need to remember PIN numbers; instead, your body like fingerprint or iris will become your PIN number to stringently reinforce the security of your transactions. With ATM supported by biometric solutions, banks having a presence across the country are leveraging this technology to enhance the services and fight frauds.

The application of biometrics for ATM banking is gaining majority. Based on the journal “Review Banking on Biometric in the World’s Banks and Introducing a Biometric Model for Iran’s Banking System” written by Hosseini and Mohammadi in 2012, it is indicated that among the world’s banks that use biometric technology, 52% are located in Asia. The second continent with the majority of banks is America that includes 32% of all. Besides, approximately 48% of the banks of the survey use fingerprint in different operations, and iris biometric accounted for 7.43% of market share.  There were about 45% of the banks in the world use biometrics in ATM banking.

Biometric ATM has gained positive responses from banks and customers. CEO of Barclays Personal and Corporate Banking said: “Biometrics is the way to go in the future there’s no question about that we are committed to that type of platform.” With the excellent security capacity, Barclays Bank also announced that they will widen the use of biometrics to their million customers in the UK branch network. Not only is biometric ATM being widely used in developed countries but it has been reaching mainstream adoptions in other developing countries like Brazil, Kenya and Nigeria. Moreover, according to the U.K-based consultancy Retail Banking Research, emerging markets such as China and India have seen a spectacular growth in biometric ATM deployments in recent years. These two markets are predicted to have the most rapidly world-wide adoption in biometric ATM in the future.

Banking adoption of biometrics is contributing to a booming biometric industry with biometric vendors experiencing a tremendous growth on the back of the escalation of consumer-led adoption of biometric authentication. With the supports of biometrics on ATM banking, banks can provide customers a safer and user-friendly banking experience as well as reduce the frauds from ATM banking operations.
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